Machine for and method of dyeing cloth and otherwise treating textiles



Dec. 28, 1926. 1,612,698

MACHINE FOR AND METHOD OF DYEING CLOTH AND OTHERWISE TREATING TEXTILESw. P. coHoE Filed Dec. 19, 1925 m m m m M %m ATTORNEYS.

Patented net. as, 1592c.-

' UNEED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WALLACE PATTEN COHOE, OE RIVERDALE-ON-THE-HUDSON, NEWhYO RK, ASSIGNOR TOCOHOE PROCESSES, INC., OE NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

MACHINE FOR AND METHOD DYEING CLOTH AND OTHERWISE TREATING TEXTILES. 3

Application filed December s, 1925. Seria1No. 76,407.

This invention relates to a method and machine for treating textiles orsimilar materials with a fluid and the general object thereof is toprovide such a method and machine that textiles may be treated with thefluid more thoroughly and uniformly, as well as more quickly, thanheretofore.

As anexample of the operation of the n'lcthod and the machine, referencewill be made to a method and machine for dyeing cloth. It is to beunderstood however, that the example is only illustrative of the-manyadaptations of the invention.

' lVhile studying and seeking to improve the methods now in use fordyeing cloth and otherwise treating textiles, I concluded that in orderto secure uniform. dyeing or treatment of the textile it is necessaryfor each individual fiber of the textile to be treated thoroughly withthe dye or treating fluid, and in order to make such a treatmentfeasible forpractical commercial operationsome'simple method, andapparatus for carrying out the'method, would have to,

he invented. Therefore, I devised my new method and apparatus fortreating textiles. This method consists in part in continually changingthe fluid in contact with the textile while it is undergoing treatmentand one of the objects of my invention is the provisionof a new methodof circulating the fluid through the textile, so that the spent fluid isswept out of the textile and out of contact with the fibers and itsplace taken by fresh fluid. j

Another object of the invention is to pro-, vide a machine of the abovetype which will so drive the fluid against the textile that the fluidwill not only pass through the interstices of the textile, but penetrateand pass through the threads from which the textile is made so that thefluid in contact with the individual fibers is continually changed.

Another object of the invention is to provide a simple machine sodesigned that when operated as intended in conjunction with a textile tobe treated, for instance with a cloth to be dyed, it will cause acirculation of the fluid, for instance the dye liquor, through thetextile or cloth while the cloth is passed rapidly through the ma-.

' chine.

Otherobjects and features of the invention will more fully appear fromthe fol lowing description and the accompanying 'drawin and will beparticularly pointed out in the claims.

The drawings illustrate types of -a machine invented and adapted tocarry out the process which I have invented.

In the drawings Fig. 1 illustrates a machine designed to treat textilesof heavy or medium weight, with all'of the active rolls running in thesame direction.

Fig. 2 illustrates a machine designed to treat textiles of medium orlight weight.

Fig. 3 illustrates a machinesimilar to that shown in Fig. 1 except thatthe center active roll is moving in the direction opposite to thedirections of movement of the other active rolls. 1

Each of the machines illustrated in the accompanying drawings wasinvented with a view to having a machine which is .extremely simple andeasily made, but one which will adequately accomplish the function offorcing a fluid such as dye liquor, through a textile such as cloth. Inthe machine I makeuse of the'so called skin friction of a body moving ina fluid, a phenomenon which is extremely old, but which i has neverbefore been made; use'of in the treatment of a. textile with a fluid.

It is well known that when a body is' moving through a fluid, a layer ofthe fluid adjacent the body moves 'withthe body,-v forming a movingstream of the fluid. This is due to the friction, called the skin'f'riction, between the surface of the body and the fluid. The stream offluid formed by a slowly moving body is negligible, but a rapidly movingbody will impart considerable speed toquite a large mass of fluid whichtherefore possesses a large amount'of kinetic energy. If an article-isinterposed in the path of this moving mass of fluid,

pressure is exerted against the article which may be used to deflect andto direct the course of the stream to an extent depending upon theresistance which the article offers to the stream. If the rapidly movingstream is impeded its energy may be IOU utilized to create a fluidpressure and if the stream'isdirected into an enclosure an apprec-iablefluid pressure is built up within the enclosure.-

Thus, when a roll or similar element is rapidly revolving in a fluid, alayer of the fluid surrounds the roll due to the skin tionpf the and notrevolving. fluid in both cases energy which may be utilized.

that if a textile such as cloth is placed-so of the layer ing with igreat force otherand to the speed thefstream fluid passes friction andthe greater the speed of revolurolL the greater will be the kineticenergy of the fluid and the force or pressure which the layer or streamofthe 5 fluid will exert.

Also if a continuous body or element such as a piece of textile israpidly' moved through a fluid, a layer of fluid is drawn with the bodyin the form hf a stream which is similar ,to the stream formed by therevoluticn of the roll, exceptthatin the-case of the continuous body thestream maybe moving in more or less of a straightline The stream of.moi-ing however, possesses kinetic It will therefore be understood pieceofclosely. adjacent to a roll which is rapidly 0 revolving in a fluid,that the textile contacts very appreciable pressure which causes thefluid to pass through theitextile,

It will'also be understood that if a length 'of textile is drawn rapidlythrough the fluid,

abody or element may be so placed in the path of the fluid stream drawnwith the textile that the stream is'directed ordeflected against thetextile and thattheflu'id'stream may possess suflicientenergy to forcethe fluid through thepermeable textile.

Furthermore, the positions of the permeableor textile element and theother element orroll may be and in my machines and method preferablyare,

of the stream that is so directed, that part of the through thepermeable element and part passes between the elements to *form acushion on which the textile rides 'f over the roll.- have invented thestream of fluid is driven In the" machines which I between the permeableelement'wd other element .(the textile and-the roll) where its forwardmotion is somewhat checked and p a pressure developed, which causes partof the fluid to pass through the textile while asses on between.

another part of thefluid' the two elements to hold t cm apart.-Preferably one element is run so fast that its skin friction createsthe stream and the see i 0nd element which is preferably the perme ableelement is so posltioned that it inter- Vferes with the stream formedby the ,first "element and is run at such a speed that it creates verylittle or no' stream by itself but impedes the flow of the streamcreated by so correlated to each the first element, thus creating apressure between the elements and causing the fluid "to he di'ii'cnthrough the permeable element.

In the particular type of machine which 1 have chosen for the purposes,of illustrating 1n this instance the practiceofmy method,

I-provide one or more rolls-"which contact] with the fluid and thetextile or clothto be treated is lead over or under or adjacent thei=olls.- The rolls are then revolved at such a speed that due to theskin friction, each of the revolving rolls draws a film of the fluidaround with it and forms a filmof the fluid on. the roll between thesurface of the roll and the textile. Pressure is prob /erably exerted onthe textile tending to force it toward the surface of the adjacent :rolland the roll may be and preferably is revolved so fastthat there isalways a film of fluid between the-surface of the roll and the textilewhich prevents the textile from touching the roll. Under theseconditions the textile is always riding-on and enclosing a and which istrying to pass through the textile due to the kinetic energy of therevolving fluid layer. Thus the roll acts as a pump whicl forces liquidthrough the textile.

It will be appreciated that there are many speeds at which therolls maybe operated to force the fluid through the textile, which speeds dependupon several varying factors such as the resistance of the textile tothe -mass of fluid which is ,under pressure lUU Preferably the textileand rolls do not i move inthe same direction with the same speed so thatthere is a differential motion between the textile and the adjacent rollwhich tends to forces the fluid through the textile. been found to bedesi'rable'to drive the rolls de crease the speed of the fluid streamand builds up a pressure which It has so fast that their {peripheralspeed isgreater than the speed 0 the textile in which case the textilecauses the decrease in speed of the fluid stream and the consequentbuilding up of the fluid pressure; It has also been found to bedesirable in some instances to run 'the textile and rolls in oppositerlirections in which case there is obviously amuch 1 greaterdiflierential motion than where'the roll and textile run in the samedirection.

In this latter case the textile exerts an excep-I tionallystrongretarding efiect on the fluid stream.

It may y be desirable in some instances i have the cloth touch lightlyon thesurface of the roll along one line ofcontact. If this is desired,the rolls may berun more slowly than usual :and advantage taken of thefact that the fluid will keep from the roll where the, fluid firstcontacts the textile separated with the textile, but as the fluidgradually textile.

passes through the textile a point is reached,

provided the rolls are run slow enough and the textile forced toward therolls with suflicicnt pressure, where there is no more fluid to form thefluid layer, it all having been lost by the slowing down effect of itscontact with the textile and its leakage therethrough. At the pointwhere the fluid has all been lost, the textile will touch the roll.

The fluid may be circulated through the textile in various waysdepending upon the course in which the textile is passed adjacent to therolls and the speed at which the rolls are rotated. The effect ofchanging the speed of the rolls has been noted above.

It is desired to note here that it' the. textile is run over and underalternative rolls, the

fluid may be forced through the textile first from one side and thenfrom the other.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings, three active or pumping rolls, 1, 2 and 3 areshown although any number may be used, They may be driven in eitherdirection, or some of the rolls may be driven in opposite directions,but as illustrated, in this figure, they are all driven clock-wise. Thecloth 4. however, is passed over the first of the pumping rolls, underthe second roll and over the third roll with the result that the fluidis forced from below the cloth upward- 1y through it by rolls 1 and 3and downwardly through the cloth by roll number 2. Thus the direction ofthe fluid through the textile is reversed during the treatment.

The rolls are preferably mounted in a container 5 totally enclosedexcept for the openings 6 and 7 through which the textile respectivelyenters and leaves the container These openings are preferably of a sizeonly sufficient to permit the free passage of the textile and thus thefluid only contacts with the air at the small openings. To prevent asfar as possible the entranee'of air into the container flexible closures8 and 9 may be provided to rest lightly against the moving Theprevention of the contact of the air with the fluid may be extremelydo.-

sirable where the fluid used in the machine is such as would be damagedby contact with the air.

It has been found that in the normaloperation of the machine with afluid such as a water solution of a ye, there is'a difl'erence in thehead of t e fluid of about 8 inches between the openings 6 and -7. Thewalls of the container at the openings may be extended as far upward asdesired and the container filled until the fluid stands in the openingswell above the top of the rolls, thus causing the treatment of thetextile with the fluid to take place under pressure.

Cocks 10 may be provided to permit the escape of gas entrapped duringthe filling of the container or the operation of the machine, or topermit the addition of fluid should such be desired. Cocks 11 areprovided for draining the container. Guide rolls 12 and 13 are shown onthe machines illustrated in the drawings. They may be used or notesdesired, but when used they assist in keeping the textile straightandsmooth on the pumping rolls.

Fig. 2 illustrates a machine having the auxiliary guide rolls 1 1, 15,16 and 17, which may be used where it is desired to have the liquor passthrough the textile in only one direction. The auxiliary rolls may, itdesired, be. of relatively small diameter as il lustrated, so that thetextile passes adjacent to only a small part of the circumference of theactive or pumping rolls. This arrangement of rolls may be particularlydesirable where the textile very thin, such as chil t'on which might betorn if it were passed adjacent to too large a portion of a rolloperating at a high speed.

Fig, :3 illustrates a machine which is substantially the same asthatshown in Fig.1 except that the center pumping roll 2" is revolvedcounter clock-wise, that is opposite to the piunping rolls 1 and 3".This machine is designed to change the direction of flow of the fluidthrough the textile but as the textile travels in the same direction asthe portion of the roll adjacent which it passes the retarding effect ofthe textile is not as great. adjacent to roll 2" in Fig.1, as it isadjacent roll 2 in Fig, 1..

To illustrate the operation oi machines of the type disclosed above, Iwill. state that cloth has been dyed, washed, soaped and otherwisetreated while passing through the machines at the rate of 34 yards perminute with the rolls, which were (3 inches in diameter, revolving at aspeed of 1000 revolutimis per minute. The kinetic energy of the fluidstream formed by rolls driven at this speed is enormous and the forcewith which the fluid is' driven against the textile is sufficient tocirculate the fluid through the threads which compose the textile andthus secure the treatment of the individual fibers .with the fluid.

' The rolls may be revolved by any suitable 1 means. Forthe purposes ofillustration thev rolls are diagrammatically shown as revolved bygearslS which are meshed with worm gears 18 which in turn are driven bymeans of shaft S rotated by motor M. The rheostat R is used forcontrolling the motor and the power is obtained from the line L.Obviously by selecting the gears any roll may be driven faster or slowerthan any other textile, need be driven and the roll may fluid isviolent.

conveniently be rotated by the chain 21 and sprocket 22 thus assuring aneven and positive tension on the textile.

It has been found that the revolving rolls both stir thefiuid and causeits Circulation within the container. When the'rolls are operated at ahigh speed the stirring of'the Obviously this stirrlng and circulationmaintains the chemicals, such as the dye, or soaping substances orfillers, very uniformly distributed in the fillidSO that the bathcontains no localities where the concentration of' the chemicals is highnor where the concentration is low. It has been found that 1n instanceswhere fresh dye, or other chemicals or substances are introduced at oneend of the container to make up 'for thosev absorbed by the textile,they are almost instantly distributed throughout the entire fluid. Thefluid withi he container circulates in the direction Qt'volu tion ofthelargest uneovered area of the rolls, provided the rolls are rev lved atthe same speed For example, in 1 the fluid-would circulate from right to1e along the bottom of the container and from left toright along the topof the container be cause the two pumping rolls numbered 1 and 3 havetheir uncovered ortions moving from right to left at the 'ottom of thecontainer and the single roll numbered 2 has its uncovered Gil portionmoving from left to right along the top of the container. Guide r'olls'usually do not operate at a speed which is high enough to affectmaterially the action of the pumping rolls in circulating the. fluid.InFig. 2, the circulation of the fluid obviously would be from right toleft along the bottom of vthe container and from left to right-along thetop of the. container for the same reasons as statedabove and in Fig. 3the circulation would'be of the same directions.

Preferably when the machine is operated for the purpose of dyeing cloththe container is completely filled with the dye liquor.

Such a condition is not absolutely necessary however, as the rolls willpick up a film. of

fluid providing they contact at any point with the fluid.

By the words fluid stream occurring in the specification and claims Imean such a stream as is set up by a body moving I through the fluid ata high rate of speed and not at the usual speeds at which cloth is movedthrough jigs etc.,in the usual proc-= esses of dyeing or otherwisetreating a textile with afluid.

In using the word textile throughout the specification and claims I havehad in mind the definition of the word appearing in WebstersInternational Dictionary, namely, that which is, or may be woven. awoven fabric or a material for weaving, because the machine and processare applicable not only to the handlingand treating I of woven, knitted,or braided fabrics, but

, also a series of warps of other suitable yarns Although a particularand preferred form of the invention has been described, it is recognizedthat modifications may be made and it is distinctly to be'undeistoodthat the invention is to be construed asibroadly as the limitations inthe claims taken in v conjunction with the prior art may allow.

Iclaimt 1. Ina method of dyeing'a' textile with a fluid dye, the stepwhich includes passin the textile adjacent a roll contacting witfi thedye,said roll having such'a movement-..

that there is differential motion between the roll and the textilesufiicient to force fluid against the textile.

the

.2. In a method of treating a' textile with a fluid, the stepwhichincludes passing the textile adjacent a roll-contacting with thefluid. said roll having a greater peripheral speed than the speed atwhich the textile is moving and suflicient to force the fluid againstthe textile.

I 3. In a method of treating a textile with a fluid, the. step'whichincludes passin the textile adjacent a ,roll contacting wit the fluidand revolving the roll at such a rate of speed that a film of the fluid,is maintained between the roll and the texfiiei 4. In a method oftreating a textile with" a fluid, the step which includes passing thetextile adjacenta roll contaetin gwith the fluid and revolving the rollat such a rate of speedthat affluid filmy'is maintained on thesurface'of the roll and is of "sufiicient thickness to prevent thetextile from touching the roll. i v

5. In a method of treating a textile with a fluid, the step whichincludes passing the textile adjacent a. roll contacting with the fluidand revolving the roll at such a rate of speedithat the fluid is forcedthrough the I textile.

6. In a method of treatinga textile with a fluid the step which includespassing the textile adjacent a roll contacting with the fluid andrevolving. the roll at such a rate of speedthat the fluid is forcedagainst the textile, 7 In a method'of treating a textile with a fluid,the step which includes passing the textile adjacent a .roll contactingwith the fluid and so revolving the' roll with regard to speed anddirection of motion relative to the fabric that a fluid film ismaintained on the surface of the roll, andthat a poron the surface ofthe roll; which flhn is of sufficient thickness to prevent the textilefrom touching the roll, and that a portion of the fluid. is forcedthrough the textile.

,9. In a method of treating a textile with a fluid, the step whichincludespassing the textile adjacent a roll contacting with the fluidand revolving the roll at' such a rate of speed that a fluid film ismaintained on the surface of the roll which film is of suflicientthickness to prevent the textile from touching the roll, and that aportion of the fluid from the film is'forced through the textile.

1O. Ina method of treating a textile with a fluid, the step whichincludes passin the textile adjacent a roll contacting witii the 15. Ina method of treating a textile with a fluid, the step which -incldespassing the textile adjacent a plurality of rolls contacting with thefluid, at least one of the rolls revolving in a direction opposite fromanother and at a speed sufficient to force the fluid through thetextile.

16. The method of circulating a fluid through a permeable element whichincludes providing two elements one of which is permeable to the fluid,moving one of the elements in the fluid with suflicient speed to drawwith it by friction sufficient fluid to form a moving stream, and sointerposmg the other element in the path of said stream that the fluidis directed against the per-me with it by friction suflicient fluid toform a continuous moving stream tending to hold the elements apart.

18. The method of circulating a fluid through a permeable element whichincludes fluid and revolving the roll at such a rate of providing twoadjacent elements one of speed that a fluid .film is maintained betweenthe roll and the textile and a portion of the fluid from the film iscontinually forced through the textile.

11. In a method of treating a textile with a fluid, thestep whichincludes passing the textile adjacent a. roll contacting with the fluidand moving the surfaceot' the .roll in the direction diflerent from thedirection of movement of the textile with suflieient speed to force thefluid against the textile.

12. In a method of treating a textile with a fluid, the step whichincludes passing the textile adjacenta roll contacting with the fluidand moving the surface oi the roll in i a direction opposite tothedirection-of movement of the textile and at such a'rate of speed that afilm of the fluid is maintained between the roll and the textile.

18. In a method oftreating a textile with a fluid, the step whichincludes passing the textile adjacent a plurality ofrollscontacting withthe fluid, at least one of the rolls revolving in a direction differentfrom the direction of movement of the textile and at such a speed as toforce the fluid against the textile.

14. In a method of treating a textile with a fluid, a step whichincludes passing the textile adjacent a plurality of rolls contactingwith the fluid, the surface of at least one of the rolls having agreater speed than the speed at which the textile is moved andsuflieient to force the fluid against the textile.

which is permeable to the fluid, and moving one oilhe elements in thefluid with suflicient speed to draw with it by friction suflicient fluidto form a continuous moving stream exerting pressure on the elements.

19. A machine for treating a textile with a fluid comprising a containerfor the fluid, a roll within the container for contact with the fluidand adjacent. which the textile passes, means adapted to pass thetextile through the container and means adapted to so drive the rollthat there is such difl'erential movement between the textile and theperiphery of said roll as to force the fluid against the textile.

20. A machine for treating a textile with a fluid comprising a containerfor the fluid, rollswithin the container for contact with the fluid andadjacent which the textile passes, means adapted to v.pass the textilethrough the container and means adapted to so drive the rolls that thereis such difl'ercntial movement between the textile and the periphery ofan adjacent roll as to force the fluid against the textile.

21. A machine for treating a textile with a fluid comprising a containerfor the fluid, a roll within the container for contact with the fluidand adjacent which the textile passes, means adapted to pass the textilethrough the container and means adapted to so drive the roll that thetextile and the periphery of the roll move in opposite directions atsuch s eed as to force the fluid against the texti e;

22. A machine for treating a textile with a fluid comprising a containerfor the fluid, rolls within the container for contact with the fluid andadjacent which the textile passes, means adapted to pass the textilethrough the machine and means adapted to so drive the rolls that theperiphery of at least one roll moves in the direction opposite I -to thedirection of movement of i a fluid comprising a container for the fluid,a roll within the container .in contact with the fluid and adjacent.which the /textile passes, means adapted to pass the textile through thecontainer and means adapted to move the roll at sue a rate of speed thata film of the fluid is maintained betweert th roll and the textile.

25. A machine for treating a textile with afluid comprising a containerfor the fluid, a roll within the container in contact with the fluid andadjacent which the textile passes, means adapted to pass the textilethrough the container, and means adapted to move the roll at such a rateof speed that a film of the fluid is maintained between the 7 a fluidcomprising a container roll and the textile and is of suflicient thick-3 ness to prevent the textile from touching the roll. a

26. A machine for treating a textile with for thefluid, a roll withinthe container in contact with the fluid and adjacent which the textilepasses, means adapted to pass the textile through the container andmeans adapted to x rolls within the container in contact with passeswith-different sides of the textile movethe roll at such a rate of speedthe fluid is forced through the textile. o

27. A machinefor treating av textile with a fluid comprising a containerfor the fluid,

that

the fluid and. adjacent which the textile next the textile through thecontainer, and means adapted to move the rolls in opposite 'directionsat suchrates of speed that the fluid is passed through the fabric firstin one direc-- tion and then in another.

' 28. .The method of treating a penetr'able element with a fluid whichincludes providing two elements, one of which is penetrable by thefluid, moving "one of the elements in the fluid with sufiicient speed todraw with it by friction s'uflicient fluid to form a moving stream, mentin.the path of said .streamthat the fluid is directed against thepenetrable element. I I

29. The method of treating a penetrable element with a fluid whichincludes providing two adjacent elements oneof which is penetrable bythe elements in the fluid with sufficient s eed to draw with it byfriction suflicient uid to form a continuous moving stream exertingpressure on the elements. I

30. In a method of treating a textile with a fluid, the step whichincludes passing the textile adjacent to a roll contacting with thefluid, and moving one of and so interposing the other el v the fluid andrevolving the roll at such a rate of speed that the roll draws with itby friction a sufficient film of fluid to maintain the film betweenjthetextile and the roll throughout the area where the textile is adjacentto the roll. I 31. Ina method of treatin a fluid, the step whichincludes passing the textile adjacent to a roll contacting with thefluid and revolving the roll at such a rate of speed as to create-afluid substantially parallel to, the surface of the roll to maintain a.film of thefluid between the textile and the roll throughout the areawhere the textile is adjacent to the roll. 32. In a method "of treatinga textile with a fluid, the step which includes passing the [textileadjacent to a roll contacting with the fluid and revolving the roll atsuch a rate of speed that the roll draws with it by friction afilm offluid having sufiicient force to penetrate the textile. L 33. In ;amethod of treating a textile with a fluid, the step which includespassin the textile adjacent to a roll contacting wit the fluidandrevolving the roll at such a rate of speed that the tion a film of fluidhaving suflicient force to permeate the-textile.

34. In a method o'f treatinga textilewith a fluid, the step whichincludes passing the. textile adjacent to a roll contacting with thefluid and revolving the roll'at such a rate of speed as to create astream of fluid substantially parallel to the surface of'the roll andhaving sufficient force to permeate the textile.

35. A machine for a fluid, including a :fluid container, a roll withinthe container for contact with the fluid and adjacent which the textilepasses,

a textile with suflicient stream of rolldraws with it by frictreating atextile with means adapted to pass the textile through within thecontainer for contact with the fluid and adjacent which the textilepasses means adapted to pass the textile through the machine and meansadapted to revolve the roll at such a rate of speed as to create asufficient stream of fluid substantially parallel to the surface of theroll to maintain a film of fluid between-the textile and the rollthroughout the area Where the textile is adjacent to the roll.

37. A-machine for treating a textile with a fluid including a fluidcontainer, 'a roll for contact Wlilll'lill, fluid and adjacentwhich thetextile passes, means adapted to pass the textile through the machineand means adapted to revolve the roll at such a. rate of s eed that theroll draws with it by friction a film of fluid having suiiicient'forceto penetrate the textile.

38. A machine for treating a textile .With

a fluid, including a fluid container, a roll for contact With the fluidand adjacent which the textile passes, means adapted to pass the textilethrough the container, and means adapted to revolve the roll at such arate of speed that the roll draws with it by friction a film {if-fluidhaving sufticient force to permeate the textile.

39. A machine for treating a. textile With a fluid including a fluidcontainer a roll for contact with the fluid and adjacent which thetextile passes, means adaptedto pass the textile through the machine andmeans adapted to revolve the roll at such a rate of speed as to create astream of fluid substantially parallel to the surface of the rell andhaving sufficient force to permeate the textile. y

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this17th day of December 1925. t'

- WALLACE PATTENCOHOE.

